In modern society, the mechanical processing of parts are generally processed in the form of numerical control, so in the processing of parts, we must first understand the relevant processing technology, develop a suitable processing program, and carry out in-depth research and analysis of the numerical control processing technology of parts. First of all, when the parts are CNC machining, it is necessary to choose the appropriate CNC machine tool, operate on the CNC machine tool, and determine what the processing process is. Then make a suitable part CNC machining processing plan, processing drawings of the parts are analyzed, the parts processing content is carried out and the appropriate processing technology is adopted. In the machining of mechanical parts, the most important thing is to design the processing process of parts, which is related to the quality of parts, we must be clear about the processing procedures of parts, the selection of the benchmark, the selection of processing tools, the selection of fixtures and the installation of processing strategies and process parameters to determine the most appropriate processing technology. In addition, we must compile and test the CNC programming program of the machining of mechanical parts, control the programming error, and improve the programming quality and efficiency.

Mechanical parts processing is generally carried out in the form of numerical control, so it is inevitable with the characteristics of numerical control processing, but also has its own characteristics.

(1) CNC machining of parts requires the content of the processing technology to be detailed and specific. When the parts are CNC machining, the CNC machining program will be developed in advance, and then the operation on the CNC machine tool, including the processing program, the selection of the tool, the processing method and the corresponding processing parameters, etc., these requirements must have a specific and detailed program when the parts are machined, the program is analyzed, and the processing program of the parts is formed.

(2) The CNC machining process of parts machinery requires more rigorous and accurate. The machining process of mechanical parts adopts the mode of CNC machining, which makes the precision of parts processing higher, the quality better, the processing process does not need too many people, saving manpower, but on the other hand, the reduction of human intervention makes the parts in the processing process if there is a problem can not be adjusted artificially. Therefore, the setting of CNC machining technology in the degree of parts should be more rigorous and accurate, and there can be no small error, because the existence of error is likely to lead to the processing technology can not meet the standard and make parts abandoned, and even cause mechanical accidents.

(3) In the mechanical CNC machining of the parts, the mathematical calculation of the graphics of the parts and the mathematical calculation of the set value of the programming size. Because the mechanical processing of the parts is a CNC mode, it is necessary to carry out programming design before processing, carry out geometric mode on the size of the parts, and carry out mathematical calculation on the size of the parts processing, so it is necessary to comprehensively consider all aspects of the parts to optimize the design.

Second, mechanical parts processing design principle analysis

Positioning reference refers to the surface of the relative position of the parts to the machine tool and the tool when the parts are machined, and the parts are used in the initial processing is the most original surface that has not been processed, which is the crude benchmark, if the original processing is used after the positioning benchmark has been processed, which is the fine benchmark. Then in the processing of mechanical parts, what kind of surface should be selected as the positioning benchmark, which must be carefully considered when the parts processing process is carried out. What kind of positioning reference is selected will affect the quality of parts processing and the complexity of machine tool fixture structure. So what are the principles of choosing a coarse benchmark and a fine benchmark?

When selecting a rough benchmark for processing parts, it is necessary to ensure that the material is sufficient, the machined surface has sufficient margin, and the size and position of the machined surface of the part that is not machined should meet the requirements of the processing drawings. If the coarse reference is selected, it is necessary to ensure that the surface of the part is easy to locate, easy to clamp and process, and the selected fixture should be as simple as possible. When selecting a rough benchmark, it is necessary to determine the processed surface and the non-processed surface, and to have an accurate location selection, generally taking the non-processed surface as the rough benchmark. The selection of rough datum is generally in order to meet the important surface after rough machining margin is small and uniform, the selection of unmachined surface to make the position error of the rough datum can be evenly distributed on the unmachined surface, and the rough datum surface should be as smooth and complete as possible, without gaps, which is conducive to setting the position.

When selecting the precision benchmark, it is necessary to first observe whether the precision baseline is convenient for positioning and clamping processing, and if a certain side is selected as the precision baseline, the positioning method of the selected surface can be used uniformly when selecting other surfaces to improve processing efficiency, so it is necessary to carefully consider the positioning of the precision surface. Precision reference adopts the principle of precise coincidence, that is, the use of uniform positioning principles to position and finish other surfaces.

For different parts surface and different parts processing requirements and parts structural characteristics, material properties, etc., to choose the appropriate processing method to process the parts surface. When determining the processing method of the parts, it is generally necessary to determine the processing method of the parts and then the processing method, and then deduce the processing method of the preceding process from the back to the front.